Gujarat Panchayati Raj : Gk Online Test

Panchayati Raj Gujarat

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Gujarat Panchayat Act 1993, is in force in Gujarat state subject to the 73rd amendment in the constitution of India. By this act, the management and monitoring of the panchayati Raj is to be done in the state. Three tier system prevails in Gujarat state viz. Gram Panchayat. Taluka Panchayat.

Panchayati Raj

State villages have always been assigned importance in our social as well as economic activities. Since, ancient times ‘Gram’ remain stand as a unit. At present, majority of countries population living in rural areas.

Mahatma Gandhi, described village as a unit for gram swaraj. Gram swaraj means, totally independent from neighbors for one’s own great desires, but it is reliable each other as dependent republic.

Panchayati Raj has come into existence as an important measure in the direction of decentralization from the very beginning in Gujarat state. Panchayati Raj is being implemented in Gujarat with unambiguous policy and intention to see that community at large may participate in strengthening panchayati raj and in the development journey of government.

Gujarat Panchayat Act 1993, is in force in Gujarat state subject to the 73rd amendment in the constitution of India. By this act, the management and monitoring of the panchayati Raj is to be done in the state.

Three tier system prevails in Gujarat state viz.

• Gram Panchayat
• Taluka Panchayat
• District Panchayat

There are 33 district panchayat, 247 taluka panchayats, and 14,017 gram panchayats in Gujarat state, while revenue villages are 18,584.

Functions of three-tire panchayat structure in Gujarat state are distributed as under:

Gram panchayat

• Drinking water facilities for domestic use and for animals.
• Scavenging of roads in the villages.
• Maintenance of govt. properties
• Lighting arrangement in villages
• Spread of education including primary education in villages.
• Planning of rural development
• Supervision of crops in the outskirt of village.
• Planning for agricultural improvements
• Planning for Agricultural Reforms.

Taluka Panchayat

• Provide health and hygiene services in talukas
• Control on epidemics
• Constructions and maintenance of village roads.
• Establishment and management of primary schools.
• Agricultural improvements and planning at taluka level.
• Women welfare, development on youth activities and assistance
• Help in natural & manmade disasters like flood, fire accidents etc.

District Panchayat

• Control over activities of district panchayats, taluka panchayats and gram panchats, to provide assistance. Management and control on activities transferred from revenue, education co-operation Irrigation, Cattle breeding, agriculture by State Govt. work of activities of Panchayats Department at district level.

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Gujarat, state of India, located on the country’s western coast, on the Arabian Sea. It encompasses the entire Kathiawar Peninsula (Saurashtra) as well as the surrounding area on the mainland.

The state is bounded primarily by Pakistan to the northwest and by the Indian states of Rajasthan to the north, Madhya Pradesh to the east, and Maharashtra to the southeast. Gujarat also shares a small segment of its southeastern border with the Indian union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, and, together with the Arabian Sea, it surrounds the territory of Daman and Diu. The coastline of Gujarat is 992 miles (1,596 km) long, and no part of the state is more than 100 miles (160 km) from the sea. The capital is Gandhinagar, on the outskirts of the north-central city of Ahmadabad (Ahmedabad)—the former capital, the largest city in the state, and one of the most-important textile centres in India. It was in Ahmadabad that Mohandas (Mahatma) Gandhi built his Sabarmati ashram (Sanskrit: ashrama, “retreat” or “hermitage”) as a headquarters for his campaigns against British rule of India.

Gujarat draws its name from the Gurjarat (supposedly a subtribe of the Huns), who ruled the area during the 8th and 9th centuries CE. The state assumed its present form in 1960, when the former Bombay state was divided between Maharashtra and Gujarat on the basis of language. Area 75,685 square miles (196,024 square km). Pop. (2011) 60,383,628.

Relief, drainage, and soils

Gujarat is a land of great contrasts, stretching from the seasonal salt deserts of the Kachchh (Kutch) district in the northwest, across the generally arid and semiarid scrublands of the Kathiawar Peninsula, to the wet, fertile, coastal plains of the southeastern part of the state, north of Mumbai. The Rann of Kachchh—including both the Great Rann and its eastern appendage, the Little Rann—are best described as vast salt marshes, together covering about 9,000 square miles (23,300 square km). The Rann constitutes the Kachchh district on the west, north, and east, while the Gulf of Kachchh forms the district’s southern boundary. During the rainy season—slight though the rains may be—the Rann floods, and the Kachchh district is converted into an island; in the dry season it is a sandy, salty plain plagued by dust storms.

To the southeast of Kachchh, lying between the Gulf of Kachchh and the Gulf of Khambhat (Cambay), is the large Kathiawar Peninsula. It is generally arid and rises from the coasts to a low, rolling area of hill land in the centre, where the state reaches its highest elevation, at 3,665 feet (1,117 metres), in the Girnar Hills. Soils in the peninsula are mostly poor, having been derived from a variety of old crystalline rocks. Rivers, except for seasonal streams, are absent from the area.

To the east of the Kathiawar Peninsula, small plains and low hills in the north merge with fertile farmlands in the south. The richness of the southern soils is attributable to their partial derivation from the basalts of the Deccan, the physiographic plateau region that constitutes most of peninsular India. Southeastern Gujarat is crossed from east to west by the Narmada and Tapti (Tapi) rivers, both of which empty into the Gulf of Khambhat. Toward the eastern border with Maharashtra, the terrain becomes mountainous; the region is the northern extension of the Western Ghats, the mountain range that runs parallel to the Arabian Sea on the western edge of southern India.

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